Grace Maria Antony ¹, K. Visweswara Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Statistics, National Institute of Nutrition, [Indian Council of Medical Research], Jamai Osmania P.O., Hyderabad - 500 007, IN

Abstract

The study on the expenditure pattern is very important in any study related to poverty and standard of living. In India, the National sample survey of household consumer expenditure is the only source of information to study the indicators of human living standard called MPCE (monthly per capita consumer expenditure). For a household, MPCE is the household consumer expenditure over a period of 30 days divided by household size. In India the official estimates of the poverty line was defined based on the expenditure required to obtain 2400 Calories for the rural and 2100 Calories for the urban. The poverty line for the base year 1973-74 has been taken as per capita expenditure level of which these calorie norms are met.

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Grace Maria Antony ¹, K. Visweswara Rao ¹, N. Balakrishna ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania P.O., Hyderabad - 500 007, IN

Abstract

There are varieties of indices developed for grading the degree of human development. Human Development Index (HDI) is one among them generated by the United Nations. Human Development is a process of expanding human choices and enabling people to enjoy long, healthy and creative lives. The HDI is calculated based on three indicators, longevity, educational attainment and the real standard of living. Longevity is measured by the life expectancy at birth. Educational index is calculated as a combination of adult literacy (two thirds weight) and the combined first, second and third-level gross school enrolment ratio (one third weight). Standard of living, is measured by real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, converted into international dollars/purchasing power parity (ppp$).

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